OCT4 activates a Suv39h1-repressive antisense lncRNA to couple histone H3 Lysine 9 methylation to pluripotency

Laure D Bernard (1, 2) , Agnès Dubois (1) , Victor Heurtier (1, 2) , Véronique Fischer (1) , Inma Gonzalez (1) , Almira Chervova (1) , Alexandra Tachtsidi (1, 2) , Noa Gil (3) , Nick Owens (1) , Lawrence E Bates (4) , Sandrine Vandormael-Pournin (1) , José C R Silva (5) , Igor Ulitsky (3) , Michel Cohen-Tannoudji (1) , Pablo Navarro (1)

1 EPIC - Epigénomique, Prolifération et Identité Cellulaire - Epigenomics, Proliferation and the Identity of Cells
2 Collège Doctoral
3 Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël]
4 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
5 GIBI - Guangzhou International Bio Island [Guangdong, China]

Histone H3 Lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation, a characteristic mark of heterochromatin, is progressively implemented during development to contribute to cell fate restriction as differentiation proceeds. Accordingly, in undifferentiated and pluripotent mouse Embryonic Stem (ES) cells the global levels of H3K9 methylation are rather low and increase only upon differentiation. How global H3K9 methylation levels are coupled with the loss of pluripotency remains largely unknown. Here, we identify SUV39H1, a major H3K9 di-and tri-methylase, as an indirect target of the pluripotency network of Transcription Factors (TFs). We find that pluripotency TFs, principally OCT4, activate the expression of Suv39h1as, an antisense long non-coding RNA to Suv39h1. In turn, Suv39h1as downregulates Suv39h1 transcription in cis via a mechanism involving the modulation of the chromatin status of the locus. The targeted deletion of the Suv39h1as promoter region triggers increased SUV39H1 expression and H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 levels, affecting all heterochromatic regions, particularly peri-centromeric major satellites and retrotransposons. This increase in heterochromatinization efficiency leads to accelerated and more efficient commitment into differentiation. We report, therefore, a simple genetic circuitry coupling the genetic control of pluripotency with the global efficiency of H3K9 methylation associated with a major cell fate restriction, the irreversible loss of pluripotency.

Domaines: Biologie du développement

Laure D Bernard, Agnès Dubois, Victor Heurtier, Véronique Fischer, Inma Gonzalez, et al.. OCT4 activates a Suv39h1-repressive antisense lncRNA to couple histone H3 Lysine 9 methylation to pluripotency. Nucleic Acids Research, 2022, ⟨10.1093/nar/gkac550⟩. ⟨pasteur-03719071⟩