Genomic insights into the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens

Stephen Baker (1, 2, 3) , Nicholas Thomson (4, 5) , François-Xavier Weill (6) , Kathryn Holt (7, 5)

1 OUCRU - Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City]
2 University of Oxford
3 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]
4 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge]
5 LSHTM - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
6 BPE - Bactéries pathogènes entériques
7 University of Melbourne

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has been vital for revealing the rapid temporal and spatial evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial pathogens. Some antimicrobial-resistant pathogens have outpaced us, with untreatable infections appearing in hospitals and the community. However, WGS has additionally provided us with enough knowledge to initiate countermeasures. Although we cannot stop bacterial adaptation, the predictability of many evolutionary processes in AMR bacteria offers us an opportunity to channel them using new control strategies. Furthermore, by using WGS for coordinating surveillance and to create a more fundamental understanding of the outcome of antimicrobial treatment and AMR mechanisms, we can use current and future antimicrobials more effectively and aim to extend their longevity.

Domains: Bacteriology

Stephen Baker, Nicholas Thomson, François-Xavier Weill, Kathryn Holt. Genomic insights into the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens. Science, 2018, 360 (6390), pp.733-738. ⟨10.1126/science.aar3777⟩. ⟨pasteur-02014814⟩