The genetic diversity of three peculiar populations descending from the slave trade: Gm study of Noir Marron from French Guiana.

Nicolas Brucato (1) , Patricia Tortevoye (2) , Sabine Plancoulaine (2, 3) , Evelyne Guitard (1) , Alicia Sanchez-Mazas (4) , Georges Larrouy (1) , Antoine Gessain (2) , Jean-Michel Dugoujon (1)

1 LA - Laboratoire d'Anthropobiologie
2 Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes
3 Inserm U980 - Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses
4 Département d'anthropologie et d'écologie

The Noir Marron communities are the direct descendants of African slaves brought to the Guianas during the four centuries (16th to 19th) of the Atlantic slave trade. Among them, three major ethnic groups have been studied: the Aluku, the Ndjuka and the Saramaka. Their history led them to share close relationships with Europeans and Amerindians, as largely documented in their cultural records. The study of Gm polymorphisms of immunoglobulins may help to estimate the amount of gene flow linked to these cultural exchanges. Surprisingly, very low levels of European contribution (2.6%) and Amerindian contribution (1.7%) are detected in the Noir Marron gene pool. On the other hand, an African contribution of 95.7% redraws their origin to West Africa (F(ST) < or = 0.15). This highly preserved African gene pool of the Noir Marron is unique in comparison to other African American populations of Latin America, who are notably more admixed.

Domains: Life Sciences [q-bio]; Microbiology and Parasitology

Nicolas Brucato, Patricia Tortevoye, Sabine Plancoulaine, Evelyne Guitard, Alicia Sanchez-Mazas, et al.. The genetic diversity of three peculiar populations descending from the slave trade: Gm study of Noir Marron from French Guiana.. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 2009, 332 (10), pp.917-26. ⟨10.1016/j.crvi.2009.07.005⟩. ⟨pasteur-00460119⟩