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Article Dans Une Revue Viruses Année : 2022

Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Evasion: Interferon Pathway and Therapeutic Options

Résumé

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by an important capacity to circumvent the innate immune response. The early interferon (IFN) response is necessary to establish a robust antiviral state. However, this response is weak and delayed in COVID-19 patients, along with massive pro-inflammatory cytokine production. This dysregulated innate immune response contributes to pathogenicity and in some individuals leads to a critical state. Characterizing the interplay between viral factors and host innate immunity is crucial to better understand how to manage the disease. Moreover, the constant emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants challenges the efficacy of existing vaccines. Thus, to control this virus and readjust the antiviral therapy currently used to treat COVID-19, studies should constantly be re-evaluated to further decipher the mechanisms leading to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Regarding the role of the IFN response in SARS-CoV-2 infection, in this review we summarize the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 evades innate immune recognition. More specifically, we explain how this virus inhibits IFN signaling pathways (IFN-I/IFN-III) and controls interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression. We also discuss the development and use of IFNs and potential drugs controlling the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2, helping to clear the infection.
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Origine : Publication financée par une institution
Licence : CC BY - Paternité

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pasteur-04098096 , version 1 (15-05-2023)

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Mariem Znaidia, Caroline Demeret, Sylvie van der Werf, Anastassia Komarova. Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Evasion: Interferon Pathway and Therapeutic Options. Viruses, 2022, Special Issue Viral Evasion of Innate Immunity and Drug Development, 14 (6), pp.1247. ⟨10.3390/v14061247⟩. ⟨pasteur-04098096⟩
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