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A single-shot Lassa vaccine induces long-term immunity and protects cynomolgus monkeys against heterologous strains

Mathieu Mateo 1 Stéphanie Reynard 1 Alexandra Journeaux 1 Clara Germain 1 Jimmy Hortion 1 Xavier Carnec 1 Caroline Picard 1 Nicolas Baillet 1 Virginie Borges-Cardoso 1 Othmann Merabet 1 Audrey Vallve 2 Stéphane Barron 2 Ophélie Jourjon 2 Orianne Lacroix 2 Aurélie Duthey 2 Manon Dirheimer 3 Gregory Jouvion 4, 5, 6 Pierre-Henri Moreau 7 Lyne Fellmann 7 Caroline Carbonnelle 2 Hervé Raoul 2 Frédéric Tangy 8 Sylvain Baize 1, *
* Corresponding author
1 UBIVE - Biologie des Infections Virales Émergentes - Biology of Emerging Viral Infections
2 Laboratoire P4 - Jean Mérieux
3 INSERM - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
4 ENVA - École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort
5 UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12
6 ANSES - Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail
7 UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg
8 Génomique Virale et Vaccination
Abstract : A safe and protective Lassa virus vaccine is crucially needed in Western Africa to stem the recurrent outbreaks of Lassa virus infections in Nigeria and the emergence of Lassa virus in previously unaffected countries, such as Benin and Togo. Major challenges in developing a Lassa virus vaccine include the high diversity of circulating strains and their reemergence from 1 year to another. To address each of these challenges, we immunized cynomolgus monkeys with a measles virus vector expressing the Lassa virus glycoprotein and nucleoprotein of the prototypic Lassa virus strain Josiah (MeV-NP). To evaluate vaccine efficacy against heterologous strains of Lassa virus, we challenged the monkeys a month later with heterologous strains from lineage II or lineage VII, finding that the vaccine was protective against these strains. A second cohort of monkeys was challenged 1 year later with the homologous Josiah strain, finding that a single dose of MeV-NP was sufficient to protect all vaccinated monkeys. These studies demonstrate that MeV-NP can generate both long-lasting immune responses and responses that are able to protect against diverse strains of Lassa virus.
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https://hal-pasteur.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-03256146
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Submitted on : Thursday, June 10, 2021 - 9:56:33 AM
Last modification on : Monday, May 9, 2022 - 1:52:13 PM
Long-term archiving on: : Saturday, September 11, 2021 - 6:17:35 PM

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PASTEUR | ANSES | UPEC-UPEM | UPEC | ENS-LYON | UNIV-LYON1 | CIRI | CNRS | UDL | SITE-ALSACE | CIRI-S-BAIZE-UBIVE | INSERM | ENVA

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Mathieu Mateo, Stéphanie Reynard, Alexandra Journeaux, Clara Germain, Jimmy Hortion, et al.. A single-shot Lassa vaccine induces long-term immunity and protects cynomolgus monkeys against heterologous strains. Science Translational Medicine, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2021, 13 (597), pp.eabf6348. ⟨10.1126/scitranslmed.abf6348⟩. ⟨pasteur-03256146⟩

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