Y. L. Tzeng and D. S. Stephens, Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Neisseria meningitidis, Microbes Infect, vol.2, p.10884620, 2000.

S. P. Yazdankhah and D. A. Caugant, Neisseria meningitidis: an overview of the carriage state, J Med Microbiol, vol.53, p.15314188, 2004.

P. Densen, Interaction of complement with Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Clin Microbiol Rev, vol.2, p.2497954, 1989.

M. Emonts, J. A. Hazelzet, R. De-groot, and P. W. Hermans, Host genetic determinants of Neisseria meningitidis infections, Lancet Infect Dis, vol.3, p.12954563, 2003.

I. Goldschneider, E. C. Gotschlich, and M. S. Artenstein, Human immunity to the meningococcus. II. Development of natural immunity, J Exp Med, vol.129, p.4977281, 1969.

D. A. Caugant, B. E. Kristiansen, L. O. Froholm, K. Bovre, and R. K. Selander, Clonal diversity of Neisseria meningitidis from a population of asymptomatic carriers, Infect Immun, vol.56, p.3135270, 1988.

K. A. Jolley, J. Kalmusova, E. J. Feil, S. Gupta, and M. Musilek, Carried meningococci in the Czech Republic: a diverse recombining population, J Clin Microbiol, vol.38, p.11101585, 2000.

E. R. Watkins and M. C. Maiden, Persistence of hyperinvasive meningococcal strain types during global spread as recorded in the PubMLST database, PLoS ONE, vol.7, p.45349, 2012.

A. E. Deghmane, I. Parent-du-chatelet, M. Szatanik, E. Hong, and C. Ruckly, Emergence of new virulent Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C sequence type 11 isolates in France, J Infect Dis, vol.202, pp.247-250, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-02085474

A. Perrocheau, M. Taha, and D. Levy-bruhl, Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in France in, Euro Surveill, vol.10, 2003.

D. Levy-bruhl, A. Perrocheau, M. Mora, M. K. Taha, and S. Dromell-chabrier, Vaccination campaign following an increase in incidence of serogroup C meningococcal diseases in the department of Puy-de-Dome (France), Euro Surveill, vol.7, p.12631934, 2002.

D. S. Stephens and M. M. Farley, Pathogenic events during infection of the human nasopharynx with Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae, Rev Infect Dis, vol.13, p.1901998, 1991.

K. A. Birkness, B. L. Swisher, E. H. White, E. G. Long, and E. P. Ewing, A tissue culture bilayer model to study the passage of Neisseria meningitidis, Infect Immun, vol.63, p.7822003, 1995.

N. J. Klein, C. A. Ison, M. Peakman, M. Levin, and S. Hammerschmidt, The influence of capsulation and lipooligosaccharide structure on neutrophil adhesion molecule expression and endothelial injury by Neisseria meningitidis, J Infect Dis, vol.173, p.8537655, 1996.

W. Hs, R. G. Gonzalez, and D. Tian, Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 38-2003. A 12-year-old girl with fever and coma, N Engl J Med, vol.349, p.14668461, 2003.

M. L. Zarantonelli, M. Lancellotti, A. E. Deghmane, D. Giorgini, and E. Hong, Hyperinvasive genotypes of Neisseria meningitidis in France, Clin Microbiol Infect, vol.14, pp.467-472, 2008.

A. E. Deghmane, C. Veckerle, D. Giorgini, E. Hong, and C. Ruckly, Differential modulation of TNFalpha-induced apoptosis by Neisseria meningitidis, PLoS Pathog, vol.5, p.19412525, 2009.

A. E. Deghmane, E. Kafsi, H. Giorgini, D. Abaza, A. Taha et al., Late repression of NF-kappaB activity by invasive but not non-invasive meningococcal isolates is required to display apoptosis of epithelial cells, PLoS Pathog, vol.7, p.22144896, 2011.

D. M. Rothwarf and M. Karin, The NF-kappa B activation pathway: a paradigm in information transfer from membrane to nucleus, Sci STKE, 1999.

A. Hoffmann, A. Levchenko, M. L. Scott, and D. Baltimore, The IkappaB-NF-kappaB signaling module: temporal control and selective gene activation, Science, vol.298, p.12424381, 2002.

T. H. Mogensen and S. R. Paludan, Molecular pathways in virus-induced cytokine production, Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, vol.65, p.11238989, 2001.

N. D. Rawlings, M. Waller, A. J. Barrett, and A. Bateman, MEROPS: the database of proteolytic enzymes, their substrates and inhibitors, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.42, pp.503-509, 2014.

A. G. Plaut and W. W. Bachovchin, IgA-specific prolyl endopeptidases: serine type, Methods Enzymol, vol.244, p.7845203, 1994.

C. R. Hauck and T. F. Meyer, The lysosomal/phagosomal membrane protein h-lamp-1 is a target of the IgA1 protease of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, FEBS Lett, vol.405, p.9094430, 1997.

T. Binscheck, F. Bartels, H. Bergel, H. Bigalke, and S. Yamasaki, IgA protease from Neisseria gonorrhoeae inhibits exocytosis in bovine chromaffin cells like tetanus toxin, J Biol Chem, vol.270, p.7829513, 1995.

J. Grijpstra, J. Arenas, L. Rutten, and J. Tommassen, Autotransporter secretion: varying on a theme, Res Microbiol, vol.164, p.23567321, 2013.

P. Ulsen, S. Rahman, W. S. Jong, M. H. Daleke-schermerhorn, and J. Luirink, Type V secretion: from biogenesis to biotechnology, Biochim Biophys Acta, vol.1843, pp.1592-1611, 2014.

J. Pohlner, R. Halter, K. Beyreuther, and T. F. Meyer, Gene structure and extracellular secretion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae IgA protease, Nature, vol.325, p.3027577, 1987.

J. Pohlner, U. Langenberg, U. Wolk, S. C. Beck, and T. F. Meyer, Uptake and nuclear transport of Neisseria IgA1 protease-associated alpha-proteins in human cells, Mol Microbiol, vol.17, p.8594327, 1995.

P. Ulsen, J. Van-alphen-l,-ten-hove, F. Fransen, and P. Van-der-ley, A Neisserial autotransporter NalP modulating the processing of other autotransporters, Mol Microbiol, vol.50, 2003.

M. Irmler, M. Thome, M. Hahne, P. Schneider, and K. Hofmann, Inhibition of death receptor signals by cellular FLIP, Nature, vol.388, p.9217161, 1997.

Y. Weinrauch and A. Zychlinsky, The induction of apoptosis by bacterial pathogens, Annu Rev Microbiol, vol.53, p.10547689, 1999.

D. Hersh, D. M. Monack, M. R. Smith, N. Ghori, and S. Falkow, The Salmonella invasin SipB induces macrophage apoptosis by binding to caspase-1, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.96, p.10051653, 1999.

P. J. Royer, A. J. Rogers, K. G. Wooldridge, P. Tighe, and J. Mahdavi, Deciphering the contribution of human meningothelial cells to the inflammatory and antimicrobial response at the meninges, Infect Immun, vol.81, p.24002066, 2013.

S. Q. Zhang, A. Kovalenko, G. Cantarella, and D. Wallach, Recruitment of the IKK signalosome to the p55 TNF receptor: RIP and A20 bind to NEMO (IKKgamma) upon receptor stimulation, Immunity, vol.12, p.10755617, 2000.

C. Mauro, F. Pacifico, A. Lavorgna, S. Mellone, and A. Iannetti, ABIN-1 binds to NEMO/IKKgamma and co-operates with A20 in inhibiting NF-kappaB, J Biol Chem, vol.281, p.16684768, 2006.

B. Skaug, J. Chen, F. Du, J. He, and A. Ma, Direct, noncatalytic mechanism of IKK inhibition by A20, Mol Cell, vol.44, pp.559-571, 2011.

I. E. Wertz, K. M. O'rourke, H. Zhou, M. Eby, and L. Aravind, De-ubiquitination and ubiquitin ligase domains of A20 downregulate NF-kappaB signalling, Nature, vol.430, p.15258597, 2004.

Y. Wang, G. S. Xiang, F. Kourouma, and S. Umar, Citrobacter rodentium-induced NF-kappaB activation in hyperproliferating colonic epithelia: role of p65 (Ser536) phosphorylation, Br J Pharmacol, vol.148, p.16751795, 2006.

Y. Chen, H. Jin, P. Chen, Z. Li, and X. Meng, Haemophilus parasuis infection activates the NFkappaB pathway in PK-15 cells through IkappaB degradation, Vet Microbiol, vol.160, pp.259-263, 2012.

A. Kumar, J. Zhang, and F. S. Yu, Innate immune response of corneal epithelial cells to Staphylococcus aureus infection: role of peptidoglycan in stimulating proinflammatory cytokine secretion, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, vol.45, p.15452057, 2004.

, RelA Cleavage upon Hyperinvasive Meningococcal Infection PLOS Pathogens, 2015.

L. Wei, J. Kwang, J. Wang, L. Shi, and B. Yang, Porcine circovirus type 2 induces the activation of nuclear factor kappa B by IkappaBalpha degradation, Virology, vol.378, pp.177-184, 2008.

. Baldwin, The NF-kappa B and I kappa B proteins: new discoveries and insights, Annu Rev Immunol, vol.14, p.8717528, 1996.

T. D. Gilmore, M. Koedood, K. A. Piffat, and D. W. White, Rel/NF-kappaB/IkappaB proteins and cancer, Oncogene, vol.13, p.8875974, 1996.

O. Neill, L. A. Kaltschmidt, and C. , NF-kappa B: a crucial transcription factor for glial and neuronal cell function, Trends Neurosci, vol.20, p.9185306, 1997.

R. Schmidt-ullrich, T. Aebischer, J. Hulsken, W. Birchmeier, and U. Klemm, Requirement of NFkappaB/Rel for the development of hair follicles and other epidermal appendices, Development, vol.128, p.11585809, 2001.

N. H. Zawia, R. Sharan, M. Brydie, T. Oyama, and T. Crumpton, Sp1 as a target site for metal-induced perturbations of transcriptional regulation of developmental brain gene expression, Brain Res Dev Brain Res, vol.107, p.9593950, 1998.

J. Arenas, R. Nijland, F. J. Rodriguez, T. N. Bosma, and J. Tommassen, Involvement of three meningococcal surface-exposed proteins, the heparin-binding protein NhbA, the alpha-peptide of IgA protease and the autotransporter protease NalP, in initiation of biofilm formation, Mol Microbiol, vol.87, pp.254-268, 2013.

A. Krause, H. Holtmann, S. Eickemeier, R. Winzen, and M. Szamel, Stress-activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase is required for interleukin (IL)-1-induced IL-6 and IL-8 gene expression in the human epidermal carcinoma cell line KB, J Biol Chem, vol.273, p.9726973, 1998.

Y. T. Ip and R. J. Davis, Signal transduction by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-from inflammation to development, Curr Opin Cell Biol, vol.10, p.9561845, 1998.

W. M. Chu, D. Ostertag, Z. W. Li, L. Chang, and Y. Chen, JNK2 and IKKbeta are required for activating the innate response to viral infection, Immunity, vol.11, p.10626894, 1999.

H. Kamata, S. Honda, S. Maeda, L. Chang, and H. Hirata, Reactive oxygen species promote TNFalpha-induced death and sustained JNK activation by inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatases, Cell, vol.120, p.15766528, 2005.

A. P. Bhavsar, D. Elia, M. A. Sahakian, T. D. Brown, and E. D. , The Amino terminus of Bacillus subtilis TagB possesses separable localization and functional properties, J Bacteriol, vol.189, p.17660278, 2007.

D. C. Moon, M. Gurung, J. H. Lee, Y. S. Lee, and C. W. Choi, Screening of nuclear targeting proteins in Acinetobacter baumannii based on nuclear localization signals, Res Microbiol, vol.163, pp.279-285, 2012.

L. A. Mcsweeney and L. A. Dreyfus, Nuclear localization of the Escherichia coli cytolethal distending toxin CdtB subunit, Cell Microbiol, vol.6, p.15056215, 2004.

M. Lara-tejero and J. E. Galan, A bacterial toxin that controls cell cycle progression as a deoxyribonuclease I-like protein, Science, vol.290, p.11030657, 2000.

C. H. Choi, S. H. Hyun, J. Kim, Y. C. Lee, and S. Y. Seol, Nuclear translocation and DNAse I-like enzymatic activity of Acinetobacter baumannii outer membrane protein A, FEMS Microbiol Lett, vol.288, pp.62-67, 2008.

D. C. Moon, C. H. Choi, S. M. Lee, J. H. Lee, and S. I. Kim, Nuclear translocation of Acinetobacter baumannii transposase induces DNA methylation of CpG regions in the promoters of E-cadherin gene, PLoS ONE, vol.7, p.38974, 2012.

L. Arbibe, D. W. Kim, E. Batsche, T. Pedron, and B. Mateescu, An injected bacterial effector targets chromatin access for transcription factor NF-kappaB to alter transcription of host genes involved in immune responses, Nat Immunol, vol.8, p.17159983, 2007.

A. S. Khairalla, S. A. Omer, J. Mahdavi, A. Aslam, and O. A. Dufailu, Nuclear trafficking, histone cleavage and induction of apoptosis by the meningococcal App and MspA autotransporters, Cell Microbiol, 2015.

A. G. Plaut, J. V. Gilbert, M. S. Artenstein, and J. D. Capra, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and neisseria meningitidis: extracellular enzyme cleaves human immunoglobulin A, Science, vol.190, p.810892, 1975.

L. Lin, P. Ayala, J. Larson, M. Mulks, and M. Fukuda, The Neisseria type 2 IgA1 protease cleaves LAMP1 and promotes survival of bacteria within epithelial cells, Mol Microbiol, vol.24, p.9220014, 1997.

P. Ayala, B. Vasquez, L. Wetzler, and M. So, Neisseria gonorrhoeae porin P1.B induces endosome exocytosis and a redistribution of Lamp1 to the plasma membrane, Infect Immun, vol.70, p.12379671, 2002.

B. W. Senior, W. W. Stewart, C. Galloway, and M. A. Kerr, Cleavage of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin, by the Type 1 IgA1 protease of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and its implications, J Infect Dis, vol.184, p.11550129, 2001.

N. Neznanov, K. M. Chumakov, L. Neznanova, A. Almasan, and A. K. Banerjee, Proteolytic cleavage of the p65-RelA subunit of NF-kappaB during poliovirus infection, J Biol Chem, vol.280, p.15845545, 2005.

H. Yen, T. Ooka, A. Iguchi, T. Hayashi, and N. Sugimoto, NleC, a type III secretion protease, compromises NF-kappaB activation by targeting p65/RelA, PLoS Pathog, vol.6, p.1001231, 2010.

J. Christian, J. Vier, S. A. Paschen, and G. Hacker, Cleavage of the NF-kappaB family protein p65/RelA by the chlamydial protease-like activity factor (CPAF) impairs proinflammatory signaling in cells infected with Chlamydiae, J Biol Chem, vol.285, p.21041296, 2010.

G. Dietrich, S. Kurz, C. Hubner, C. Aepinus, and S. Theiss, Transcriptome analysis of Neisseria meningitidis during infection, J Bacteriol, vol.185, p.12486052, 2003.

A. Muller, D. Gunther, F. Dux, M. Naumann, and T. F. Meyer, Neisserial porin (PorB) causes rapid calcium influx in target cells and induces apoptosis by the activation of cysteine proteases, Embo J, vol.18, p.9889191, 1999.

M. Sjolinder, G. Altenbacher, M. Hagner, W. Sun, and S. Schedin-weiss, Meningococcal outer membrane protein NhhA triggers apoptosis in macrophages, PLoS ONE, vol.7, p.29586, 2012.

R. Halter, J. Pohlner, and T. F. Meyer, Mosaic-like organization of IgA protease genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae generated by horizontal genetic exchange in vivo, Embo J, vol.8, p.2511009, 1989.

H. Lomholt, K. Poulsen, and M. Kilian, Comparative characterization of the iga gene encoding IgA1 protease in Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Haemophilus influenzae, Mol Microbiol, vol.15, p.7783620, 1995.

J. Jose, U. Wolk, D. Lorenzen, H. Wenschuh, and T. F. Meyer, Human T-cell response to meningococcal immunoglobulin A1 protease associated alpha-proteins, Scand J Immunol, vol.51, p.10722372, 2000.

V. Roussel-jazede, J. Arenas, J. D. Langereis, J. Tommassen, and P. Van-ulsen, Variable processing of the IgA protease autotransporter at the cell surface of Neisseria meningitidis, Microbiology, vol.160, pp.2421-2431, 2014.

D. S. Stephens and S. M. Zimmer, Pathogenesis, Therapy, and Prevention of Meningococcal Sepsis, Curr Infect Dis Rep, vol.4, p.12228024, 2002.

P. L. Raghunathan, J. D. Jones, S. R. Tiendrebeogo, I. Sanou, and L. Sangare, Predictors of immunity after a major serogroup W-135 meningococcal disease epidemic, J Infect Dis, vol.193, p.16453255, 2002.

D. Hanahan, Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids, J Mol Biol, vol.166, p.6345791, 1983.

F. W. Studier, A. H. Rosenberg, J. J. Dunn, and J. W. Dubendorff, Use of T7 RNA polymerase to direct expression of cloned genes, Methods Enzymol, vol.185, p.2199796, 1990.

D. S. Kellogg, W. L. Peacock, W. E. Deacon, L. Brown, and D. I. Pirkle, Neisseria Gonorrhoeae. I. Virulence Genetically Linked to Clonal Variation, J Bacteriol, vol.85, p.14047217, 1963.

K. A. Jolley, C. Brehony, and M. C. Maiden, Molecular typing of meningococci: recommendations for target choice and nomenclature, FEMS Microbiol Rev, vol.31, p.17168996, 2007.

K. Robinson, M. Taraktsoglou, K. S. Rowe, K. G. Wooldridge, and D. A. Ala'aldeen, Secreted proteins from Neisseria meningitidis mediate differential human gene expression and immune activation, Cell Microbiol, vol.6, p.15339268, 2004.

P. Prentki and H. M. Krisch, In vitro insertional mutagenesis with a selectable DNA fragment, Gene, vol.29, p.6237955, 1984.

X. Nassif, D. Puaoi, and M. So, Transposition of Tn1545-delta 3 in the pathogenic Neisseriae: a genetic tool for mutagenesis, J Bacteriol, vol.173, p.1848839, 1991.

O. Landt, H. P. Grunert, and U. Hahn, A general method for rapid site-directed mutagenesis using the polymerase chain reaction, Gene, vol.96, p.2265750, 1990.

I. Derre, G. Rapoport, and T. Msadek, CtsR, a novel regulator of stress and heat shock response, controls clp and molecular chaperone gene expression in gram-positive bacteria, Mol Microbiol, vol.31, p.9987115, 1999.

R. Schmidt-ullrich, S. Memet, A. Lilienbaum, J. Feuillard, and M. Raphael, NF-kappaB activity in transgenic mice: developmental regulation and tissue specificity, Development, vol.122, p.8681793, 1996.

A. E. Deghmane, D. Giorgini, M. Larribe, J. M. Alonso, and M. K. Taha, Down-regulation of pili and capsule of Neisseria meningitidis upon contact with epithelial cells is mediated by CrgA regulatory protein, Mol Microbiol, vol.43, p.11952904, 2002.

K. J. Livak and T. D. Schmittgen, Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method, Methods, vol.25, p.11846609, 2001.

R. N. Matin, A. Chikh, S. L. Chong, D. Mesher, and M. Graf, p63 is an alternative p53 repressor in melanoma that confers chemoresistance and a poor prognosis, J Exp Med, vol.210, p.23420876, 2013.

A. E. Deghmane, H. Soualhine, H. Bach, K. Sendide, and S. Itoh, Lipoamide dehydrogenase mediates retention of coronin-1 on BCG vacuoles, leading to arrest in phagosome maturation, J Cell Sci, vol.120, p.17652161, 2007.

D. J. Philpott, D. Belaid, P. Troubadour, J. M. Thiberge, and J. Tankovic, Reduced activation of inflammatory responses in host cells by mouse-adapted Helicobacter pylory isolates, Cell Microbiol, vol.4, p.12064285, 2002.

S. Vitovski, R. C. Read, and J. R. Sayers, Invasive isolates of Neisseria meningitidis possess enhanced immunoglobulin A1 protease activity compared to colonizing strains, Faseb J, vol.13, p.9973321, 1999.

M. Hill, A. E. Deghmane, M. Segovia, M. L. Zarantonelli, and G. Tilly, Penicillin binding proteins as danger signals: meningococcal penicillin binding protein 2 activates dendritic cells through Toll-like receptor 4, PLoS ONE, vol.6, p.22046231, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-02093194

T. F. Ducey, M. B. Carson, J. Orvis, A. P. Stintzi, and D. W. Dyer, Identification of the iron-responsive genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by microarray analysis in defined medium, J Bacteriol, vol.187, p.15995201, 2005.