, Spectrum 100 in vivo imaging system (PerkinElmer) was used to facilitate noninvasive longitudinal monitoring of P. aeruginosa infection in live individual animals in real time, performed as previously described, p.50

, Systemic infection of Galleria mellonella larvae. A PAK-lumi culture was grown to an OD 600 of 0

, After appropriate dilution, 10 l of inoculum, containing about 30 cells of P. aeruginosa PAK-lumi, was delivered into the larva hemolymph behind the last proleg. A phage suspension , consisting of 10 l containing the 6-phage cocktail at 1,500 or 4,500 PFU, was delivered behind the last proleg on the opposite site at 1 h p.i. For prophylaxis experiments, the larvae were infected with the phages 1 h before they were infected with the bacteria. All experiments used 15 or 20 larvae. A positive-control group (larvae infected and treated with physiological solution) and two negative-control groups (one group injected with physiological solution only and one group injected with the phage suspension only to assess the toxicity of the phage cocktail) were also included. The larvae were placed into petri dishes and incubated at 37°C in the dark. The survival of the larvae was followed hourly after 16 h p.i.; the larvae were recorded as dead when they did not move in response to touch. Phage treatment of larvae infected with clinical P. aeruginosa strains was performed after determination of the lethal dose of bacteria of each strain, equal to 110 and 30 CFU/larva for the AA43 and PaPh5 strains, respectively. At 1 h after injection of the bacteria into the larvae, a fixed dose of phage cocktail (4,500 PFU/larva) was injected. Statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t test or two-way analysis of variance, LD broth at 37°C with shaking, pelleted, and diluted to an OD of 1 in physiological solution, equivalent to 1 10 9 CFU/mlANOVA) with the Tukey test or the chi-square test with the Yates correction. P values for Kaplan-Meier curves were calculated by the Mantel-Cox test. Statistical analysis was done using Graph- Pad software

, Accession number(s) The GenBank accession numbers for the phages are MF490236 for vB_PaeP_ PYO2, MF490238 for vB_PaeP_DEV, MF490241 for vB_PaeM_E215, MF490240 for vB_PaeM_E217, MF490237 for vB_PaeP_E220, and MF490239 for vB_PaeS_S218. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL Supplemental material for this article may be found at https

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