S. Prusiner and . Lecture, Nobel Lecture: Prions, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.389, issue.6650, pp.13363-83, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/39097

R. Linden, V. Martins, M. Prado, M. Cammarota, I. Izquierdo et al., Physiology of the prion protein Available from, Physiol Rev [Internet], vol.88882, issue.2, pp.673-728673, 2008.

H. Kretzschmar and J. Tatzelt, Prion Disease: A Tale of Folds and Strains, Brain Pathology, vol.10, issue.3, pp.321-353, 2013.
DOI : 10.1111/bpa.12045

V. Campana, D. Sarnataro, and C. Zurzolo, The highways and byways of prion protein trafficking, Trends in Cell Biology, vol.15, issue.2, pp.102-113, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tcb.2004.12.002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00167019

Z. Marijanovic, A. Caputo, V. Campana, and C. Zurzolo, Identification of an Intracellular Site of Prion Conversion, ):e1000426. Available from, 2009.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000426.s009
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00396879

A. Senatore, E. Restelli, and R. Chiesa, Synaptic Dysfunction in Prion Diseases: A Trafficking Problem?, International Journal of Cell Biology, vol.32, issue.2, p.543803, 2013.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1110837

K. Uchiyama, N. Muramatsu, M. Yano, T. Usui, H. Miyata et al., Prions disturb post-Golgi trafficking of membrane proteins, Nature Communications, vol.21, p.1846, 2013.
DOI : 10.1038/ncomms2873

J. Liang and Q. Kong, ?-Cleavage of cellular prion protein. Prion [Internet] Available from, pp.453-60, 2012.

B. Vincent, E. Paitel, P. Saftig, Y. Frobert, D. Hartmann et al., The disintegrins ADAM10 and TACE contribute to the constitutive and phorbol ester-regulated normal cleavage of the cellular prion protein Available from, J Biol Chem [Internet], vol.276, issue.41, pp.37743-37749, 2001.

S. Chen, D. Teplow, P. Parchi, J. Teller, P. Gambetti et al., Truncated forms of the human prion protein in normal brain and in prion diseases Available from, J Biol Chem [Internet], vol.270, issue.32, pp.19173-807642585, 1995.

F. Checler and B. Vincent, Alzheimer's and prion diseases: distinct pathologies, common proteolytic denominators, Trends in Neurosciences, vol.25, issue.12, pp.616-636, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-2236(02)02263-4

J. Bremer, F. Baumann, C. Tiberi, C. Wessig, H. Fischer et al., Axonal prion protein is required for peripheral myelin maintenance, Nature Neuroscience, vol.9, issue.3, pp.310-318, 2010.
DOI : 10.1038/nn.2483

L. Westergard, J. Turnbaugh, and D. Harris, A Naturally Occurring C-terminal Fragment of the Prion Protein (PrP) Delays Disease and Acts as a Dominant-negative Inhibitor of PrPSc Formation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.286, issue.51, pp.44234-44276, 2011.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M111.286195

M. Guillot-sestier, C. Sunyach, C. Druon, S. Scarzello, and F. Checler, The ??-Secretase-derived N-terminal Product of Cellular Prion, N1, Displays Neuroprotective Function in Vitro and in Vivo, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.284, issue.51, pp.35973-86, 2009.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M109.051086
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00497181

L. Campbell, A. Gill, G. Mcgovern, C. Jalland, J. Hopkins et al., The PrPC C1 fragment derived from the ovine A136R154R171 PRNP allele is highly abundant in sheep brain and inhibits fibrillisation of full-length PrPC protein in vitro, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, vol.1832, issue.6, pp.826-862, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.02.020

E. Rodriguez-boulan and S. Powell, Polarity of Epithelial and Neuronal Cells, Annual Review of Cell Biology, vol.8, issue.1, pp.395-427, 1992.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.cb.08.110192.002143

J. Bonifacino, Adaptor proteins involved in polarized sorting, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.4, issue.1, pp.7-17, 2014.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.9.5385

C. Dotti and K. Simons, Polarized sorting of viral glycoproteins to the axon and dendrites of hippocampal neurons in culture. Cell [Internet] Available from, pp.63-72, 1990.

F. Bradke and C. Dotti, Membrane traffic in polarized neurons, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, vol.1404, issue.1-2, pp.245-58, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-4889(98)00060-3
URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4889(98)00060-3

M. De-hoop and C. Dotti, Membrane traffic in polarized neurons in culture Available from, J Cell Sci, vol.17, pp.85-92, 1993.

M. Lisanti, I. Caras, M. Davitz, and E. Rodriguez-boulan, A glycophospholipid membrane anchor acts as an apical targeting signal in polarized epithelial cells, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.109, issue.5, pp.2145-56, 1989.
DOI : 10.1083/jcb.109.5.2145

D. Brown, B. Crise, and J. Rose, Mechanism of membrane anchoring affects polarized expression of two proteins in MDCK cells. Science [Internet] Available from, pp.1499-501, 1989.

S. Paladino, D. Sarnataro, R. Pillich, S. Tivodar, L. Nitsch et al., Protein oligomerization modulates raft partitioning and apical sorting of GPI-anchored proteins Available from, J Cell Biol [Internet], vol.1671674, issue.4, pp.699-709699, 2004.

S. Paladino, S. Lebreton, S. Tivodar, F. Formiggini, G. Ossato et al., Golgi sorting regulates organization and activity of GPI proteins at apical membranes, Nature Chemical Biology, vol.335, issue.5, 2014.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1993.tb03313.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00985773

M. Muñiz and C. Zurzolo, Sorting of GPI-anchored proteins from yeast to mammals?common pathways at different sites? J Cell Sci [Internet] Available from, pp.2793-801, 2014.

S. Paladino, D. Sarnataro, and C. Zurzolo, Detergent-resistant membrane microdomains and apical sorting of GPI-anchored proteins in polarized epithelial cells, International Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol.291, issue.6-7, pp.6-7439, 2002.
DOI : 10.1078/1438-4221-00151

S. Paladino, S. Lebreton, S. Tivodar, V. Campana, R. Tempre et al., Different GPI-attachment signals affect the oligomerisation of GPI-anchored proteins and their apical sorting, Journal of Cell Science, vol.121, issue.24, 2008.
DOI : 10.1242/jcs.036038
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00349337

B. De-keukeleire, S. Donadio, J. Micoud, D. Lechardeur, and M. Benharouga, Human cellular prion protein hPrPC is sorted to the apical membrane of epithelial cells, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.354, issue.4, pp.949-54, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.096

D. Sarnataro, S. Paladino, V. Campana, J. Grassi, L. Nitsch et al., PrPC Is Sorted to the Basolateral Membrane of Epithelial Cells Independently of its Association with Rafts. Traffic [Internet] Available from, pp.810-831, 2002.

B. Puig, H. Altmeppen, D. Thurm, M. Geissen, C. Conrad et al., N-glycans and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor act on polarized sorting of mouse PrP(C) in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, ):e24624. Available from, 2011.

A. Uelhoff, J. Tatzelt, A. Aguzzi, K. Winklhofer, and C. Haass, A Pathogenic PrP Mutation and Doppel Interfere with Polarized Sorting of the Prion Protein, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.7, pp.5137-5177, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.C400560200

M. Lisanti, L. Bivic, A. Saltiel, A. Rodriguez-boulan, and E. , Preferred apical distribution of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored proteins: A highly conserved feature of the polarized epithelial cell phenotype, The Journal of Membrane Biology, vol.50, issue.2, pp.155-67, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01872889

M. Lisanti, I. Caras, T. Gilbert, D. Hanzel, and E. Rodriguez-boulan, Vectorial apical delivery and slow endocytosis of a glycolipid-anchored fusion protein in transfected MDCK cells Available from, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.87877419, pp.7419-7442, 1990.

S. Paladino, T. Pocard, M. Catino, and C. Zurzolo, GPI-anchored proteins are directly targeted to the apical surface in fully polarized MDCK cells, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.11, issue.7, pp.1023-1057, 2006.
DOI : 10.1126/science.8386394
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00166614

D. Brown and J. Rose, Sorting of GPI-anchored proteins to glycolipid-enriched membrane subdomains during transport to the apical cell surface, Cell, vol.68, issue.3, pp.533-577, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90189-J

S. Schuck and K. Simons, Controversy fuels trafficking of GPI-anchored proteins, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.11, issue.7, pp.963-968, 2006.
DOI : 10.1083/jcb.121.5.1031

H. Christensen and D. Harris, is localized normally in cultured cells, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.21, issue.1, pp.44-56, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05719.x

O. 'brien, L. Zegers, M. Mostov, and K. , Opinion: Building epithelial architecture: insights from three-dimensional culture models, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.3, issue.7, pp.531-538, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm859

J. Debnath and J. Brugge, Modelling glandular epithelial cancers in three-dimensional cultures, Nature Reviews Cancer, vol.11, issue.9, pp.675-88, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S1046-2023(03)00033-1

D. Shmerling, I. Hegyi, M. Fischer, T. Blättler, S. Brandner et al., Expression of Amino-Terminally Truncated PrP in the Mouse Leading to Ataxia and Specific Cerebellar Lesions, Cell, vol.93, issue.2, pp.203-149568713, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81572-X

I. Radovanovic, N. Braun, O. Giger, K. Mertz, G. Miele et al., Truncated Prion Protein and Doppel Are Myelinotoxic in the Absence of Oligodendrocytic PrPC, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.25, issue.19, pp.4879-88, 2005.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0328-05.2005

A. Li, S. Barmada, K. Roth, and D. Harris, N-Terminally Deleted Forms of the Prion Protein Activate Both Bax-Dependent and Bax-Independent Neurotoxic Pathways, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.27, issue.4, pp.852-861, 2007.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4244-06.2007

K. Klinkert, M. Rocancourt, A. Houdusse, and A. Echard, Rab35 GTPase couples cell division with initiation of epithelial apico-basal polarity and lumen opening Available from, Nat Commun [Internet]. Nature Publishing Group, vol.7, p.11166, 2016.

G. Lee, P. Kenny, E. Lee, and M. Bissell, Three-dimensional culture models of normal and malignant breast epithelial cells, Nature Methods, vol.16, issue.4, pp.359-65, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.semcancer.2005.05.005

C. Schneider, W. Rasband, and K. Eliceiri, NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis Nat Methods [Internet] Available from, pp.671-676, 2009.

L. Bivic, A. Sambuy, Y. Mostov, K. Rodriguez-boulan, and E. , Vectorial targeting of an endogenous apical membrane sialoglycoprotein and uvomorulin in MDCK cells, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.110, issue.5, 1990.
DOI : 10.1083/jcb.110.5.1533

D. Hanzel, I. Nabi, C. Zurzolo, S. Powell, and E. Rodriguez-boulan, New techniques lead to advances in epithelial cell polarity Available from, Semin Cell Biol [Internet], vol.2, issue.6, pp.341-53, 1991.

C. Zurzolo, L. Bivic, A. Quaroni, A. Nitsch, L. Rodriguez-boulan et al., Modulation of transcytotic and direct targeting pathways in a polarized thyroid cell line Available from, EMBO J [Internet], vol.11, issue.6, pp.2337-2381, 1992.

A. Jiménez-huete, P. Lievens, R. Vidal, P. Piccardo, B. Ghetti et al., Endogenous Proteolytic Cleavage of Normal and Disease-Associated Isoforms of the Human Prion Protein in Neural and Non-Neural Tissues, The American Journal of Pathology, vol.153, issue.5, pp.1561-72, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65744-6

B. Vincent, M. Cisse, C. Sunyach, M. Guillot-sestier, and F. Checler, Regulation of βAPP and PrPc Cleavage by α-Secretase: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Perspectives, Current Alzheimer Research, vol.5, issue.2, pp.202-213, 2008.
DOI : 10.2174/156720508783954749

H. Tveit, C. Lund, C. Olsen, C. Ersdal, K. Prydz et al., Proteolytic processing of the ovine prion protein in cell cultures, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.337, issue.1, pp.232-272, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.031

A. Deora, S. Chatterjee, A. Marmorstein, C. Zurzolo, L. Bivic et al., Available from: https://www.mysciencework.com/publication/ show/12815730/cell-surface-biotinylation-and-other-techniques-for-determination-of-surface-polarity- of-epithelial-monolayers-chapter, Cell Biology [Internet], p.33, 2006.

C. Haigh, C. Tumpach, S. Drew, and S. Collins, The Prion Protein N1 and N2 Cleavage Fragments Bind to Phosphatidylserine and Phosphatidic Acid; Relevance to Stress-Protection Responses, ):e0134680. Available from, 2015.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0134680.s007

S. Dong, S. Cadamuro, F. Fiorino, U. Bertsch, L. Moroder et al., Copper binding and conformation of the N-terminal octarepeats of the prion protein in the presence of DPC micelles as membrane mimetic, Biopolymers, vol.25, issue.6, pp.840-847, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/bip.20860

M. Boland, C. Hatty, F. Separovic, A. Hill, D. Tew et al., Anionic Phospholipid Interactions of the Prion Protein N Terminus Are Minimally Perturbing and Not Driven Solely by the Octapeptide Repeat Domain, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.285, issue.42, pp.32282-92, 2010.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M110.123398

L. Brun, A. Haigh, C. Drew, S. James, M. Boland et al., Neutron reflectometry studies define prion protein N-terminal peptide membrane binding Available from, Biophys J [Internet], vol.107, issue.10, pp.2313-2337, 2014.

G. Apodaca, L. Gallo, and D. Bryant, Role of membrane traffic in the generation of epithelial cell asymmetry, Nature Cell Biology, vol.12, issue.12, pp.1235-1278, 2012.
DOI : 10.1038/ncb2635

I. Mellman and W. Nelson, Coordinated protein sorting, targeting and distribution in polarized cells, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.7, issue.11, pp.833-878, 2008.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm2525
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3369829

L. Wik, M. Klingeborn, H. Willander, and T. Linne, Separate mechanisms act concurrently to shed and release the prion protein from the cell, Prion, vol.2, issue.5, pp.498-509, 2012.
DOI : 10.1006/viro.1998.9561

E. Davis, J. Kim, B. Menasche, J. Sheppard, X. Liu et al., Comparative Haploid Genetic Screens Reveal Divergent Pathways in the Biogenesis and Trafficking of Glycophosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins, Cell Reports, vol.11, issue.11, pp.1727-1763, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.026

A. Walmsley, N. Watt, D. Taylor, W. Perera, and N. Hooper, ??-cleavage of the prion protein occurs in a late compartment of the secretory pathway and is independent of lipid rafts, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, vol.40, issue.2, pp.242-250, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mcn.2008.10.012

G. Apodaca, L. Katz, and K. Mostov, Receptor-mediated transcytosis of IgA in MDCK cells is via apical recycling endosomes, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.125, issue.1, pp.67-86, 1994.
DOI : 10.1083/jcb.125.1.67

T. Pflanzner, B. Petsch, B. André-dohmen, A. Müller-schiffmann, S. Tschickardt et al., Cellular Prion Protein Participates in Amyloid-?? Transcytosis across the Blood???Brain Barrier, Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, vol.402, issue.4, pp.628-660, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.003