Rabies Risk: Difficulties Encountered during Management of Grouped Cases of Bat Bites in 2 Isolated Villages in French Guiana

Franck Berger (1) , Noëlle Desplanches (1) , Sylvie Baillargeaux (1) , Michel Joubert (2) , Manuelle Miller (3) , Florence Ribadeau-Dumas (4) , André Spiegel (1) , Hervé Bourhy (4, 5)

1 Institut Pasteur de la Guyane
2 Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
3 DAAF Guyane - Direction de l'Alimentation, de l'Agriculture et de la Forêt de Guyane
4 CNR - Centre National de Référence de la Rage-Dynamique des Lyssavirus et adaptation à l'hôte
5 CC-OMS - Centre Collaborateur de l'OMS pour la Rage - Dynamique des lyssavirus et adaptation à l'hôte

In French Guiana, from 1984 to 2011, 14 animal rabies cases and 1 human rabies case (2008) were diagnosed. In January 2011, vampire-bat attacks occurred in 2 isolated villages. In mid-January, a medical team from the Cayenne Centre for Anti-Rabies Treatment visited the sites to manage individuals potentially exposed to rabies and, in April, an anti-rabies vaccination campaign for dogs was conducted. Twenty individuals were bitten by bats in 1 month, most frequently on the feet. The median time to start management was 15 days. The complete Zagreb vaccination protocol (2 doses on day 0 and 1 dose on days 7 and 21) was administered to 16 patients, 12 also received specific immunoglobulins. The antibody titration was obtained for 12 patients (different from those who received immunoglobulins). The antibody titers were $0.5 EU/mL for all of them. The serology has not been implemented for the 12 patients who received immunoglobulins. Accidental destruction of a vampire-bat colony could be responsible for the attacks. The isolation and absence of sensitization of the populations were the main explanations for the management difficulties encountered. Sensitization programs should be conducted regularly.

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]; Santé publique et épidémiologie

Franck Berger, Noëlle Desplanches, Sylvie Baillargeaux, Michel Joubert, Manuelle Miller, et al.. Rabies Risk: Difficulties Encountered during Management of Grouped Cases of Bat Bites in 2 Isolated Villages in French Guiana. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2013, 7 (6), pp.e2258. ⟨10.1371/journal.pntd.0002258.s003⟩. ⟨pasteur-01431423⟩