An alpaca nanobody inhibits hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell transmission. - Institut Pasteur Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Hepatology Année : 2013

An alpaca nanobody inhibits hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell transmission.

Résumé

Severe liver disease caused by chronic hepatitis C virus is the major indication for liver transplantation. Despite recent advances in antiviral therapy, drug toxicity and unwanted side effects render effective treatment in liver-transplanted patients a challenging task. Virus-specific therapeutic antibodies are generally safe and well-tolerated, but their potential in preventing and treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has not yet been realized due to a variety of issues, not least high production costs and virus variability. Heavy-chain antibodies or nanobodies, produced by camelids, represent an exciting antiviral approach; they can target novel highly conserved epitopes that are inaccessible to normal antibodies, and they are also easy to manipulate and produce. We isolated four distinct nanobodies from a phage-display library generated from an alpaca immunized with HCV E2 glycoprotein. One of them, nanobody D03, recognized a novel epitope overlapping with the epitopes of several broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies. Its crystal structure revealed a long complementarity determining region (CD3) folding over part of the framework that, in conventional antibodies, forms the interface between heavy and light chain. D03 neutralized a panel of retroviral particles pseudotyped with HCV glycoproteins from six genotypes and authentic cell culture-derived particles by interfering with the E2-CD81 interaction. In contrast to some of the most broadly neutralizing human anti-E2 monoclonal antibodies, D03 efficiently inhibited HCV cell-to-cell transmission. This is the first description of a potent and broadly neutralizing HCV-specific nanobody representing a significant advance that will lead to future development of novel entry inhibitors for the treatment and prevention of HCV infection and help our understanding of HCV cell-to-cell transmission.

Dates et versions

pasteur-01373206 , version 1 (30-09-2016)

Identifiants

Citer

Alexander W Tarr, Pierre Lafaye, Luke Meredith, Laurence Damier-Piolle, Richard A Urbanowicz, et al.. An alpaca nanobody inhibits hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell transmission.. Hepatology, 2013, 58 (3), pp.932-9. ⟨10.1002/hep.26430⟩. ⟨pasteur-01373206⟩
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