???Associated Diarrhea, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.26, issue.5, pp.1026-1035, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1086/520276
Managing bile acid diarrhoea, Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, vol.32, issue.6, pp.349-357, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1177/1756283X10377126
Clostridium difficile Toxins: Mechanism of Action and Role in Disease, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol.18, issue.2, pp.247-263, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1128/CMR.18.2.247-263.2005
Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe, The Lancet, vol.366, issue.9491, pp.1079-108410, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67420-X
Transcription Analysis of the Genes tcdA-E of the Pathogenicity Locus of Clostridium Difficile, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.17, issue.3, pp.735-742, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.biochem.53.1.293
Regulation of toxin synthesis in Clostridium difficile by an alternative RNA polymerase sigma factor, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.98, issue.10, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.101126598
Clostridium difficile toxin expression is inhibited by the novel regulator TcdC, Molecular Microbiology, vol.180, issue.Part 7, p.17542920, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05739.x
TcdC does not significantly repress toxin expression in Clostridium difficile 630?erm, PLOS ONE, vol.7, p.22912837, 2012. ,
The Anti-Sigma Factor TcdC Modulates Hypervirulence in an Epidemic BI/NAP1/027 Clinical Isolate of Clostridium difficile, PLoS Pathogens, vol.136, issue.10, p.1002317, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002317.s002
Secretion of Clostridium difficile Toxins A and B Requires the Holin-like Protein TcdE, PLoS Pathogens, vol.38, issue.Pt 1, p.1002727, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002727.s001
Release of TcdA and TcdB from Clostridium difficile cdi 630 is not affected by functional inactivation of the tcdE gene, Microbial Pathogenesis, vol.52, issue.1, p.22107906, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.10.009
CcpA-mediated repression of Clostridium difficile toxin gene expression, Molecular Microbiology, vol.44, issue.1, pp.882-899, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07495.x
Global transcriptional control by glucose and carbon regulator CcpA in Clostridium difficile, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.40, issue.21, p.22989714, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gks864
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01370790
CodY, a global regulator of stationary phase and virulence in Gram-positive bacteria, Current Opinion in Microbiology, vol.8, issue.2, pp.203-207, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.mib.2005.01.001
Repression of Clostridium difficile toxin gene expression by CodY, Molecular Microbiology, vol.47, issue.1, pp.206-219, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67420-X
Characterization of the Sporulation Initiation Pathway of Clostridium difficile and Its Role in Toxin Production, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.191, issue.23, pp.7296-730500882, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.00882-09
C. difficile 630??erm Spo0A Regulates Sporulation, but Does Not Contribute to Toxin Production, by Direct High-Affinity Binding to Target DNA, PLoS ONE, vol.180, issue.8, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0048608.s003
The Key Sigma Factor of Transition Phase, SigH, Controls Sporulation, Metabolism, and Virulence Factor Expression in Clostridium difficile, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.193, issue.13, pp.3186-3196, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.00272-11
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01370840
Modulation of Toxin Production by the Flagellar Regulon in Clostridium difficile, Infection and Immunity, vol.80, issue.10, pp.3521-353200224, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.00224-12
Molecular Characterization of the Flagellar Hook in Bacillus subtilis, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.194, issue.17, pp.4619-4629, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.00444-12
Relative Roles of the fla/che PA, PD-3, and PsigD Promoters in Regulating Motility and sigD Expression in Bacillus subtilis, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.182, issue.17, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.182.17.4841-4848.2000
Role of the ??D-Dependent Autolysins in Bacillus subtilis Population Heterogeneity, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.191, issue.18, pp.5775-578400521, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.00521-09
The ClosTron: A universal gene knock-out system for the genus Clostridium, Journal of Microbiological Methods, vol.70, issue.3, pp.452-464, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.mimet.2007.05.021
Clostridium difficile Has Two Parallel and Essential Sec Secretion Systems, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.286, issue.31, pp.27483-27493, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M111.263889
OligoArray 2.0: design of oligonucleotide probes for DNA microarrays using a thermodynamic approach, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.31, issue.12, pp.3057-3062, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gkg426
Global regulation of gene expression in response to cysteine availability in Clostridium perfringens, BMC Microbiology, vol.10, issue.1, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2180-10-234
A comparison of background correction methods for two-colour microarrays, Bioinformatics, vol.23, issue.20, pp.2700-2707, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm412
Normalization of cDNA microarray data, Methods, vol.31, issue.4, pp.265-273, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1046-2023(03)00155-5
Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing, J R Stat Soc Ser, vol.57, pp.289-300, 1995. ,
A modular system for Clostridium shuttle plasmids, Journal of Microbiological Methods, vol.78, issue.1, pp.79-85, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.05.004
Temporal and selective association of multiple sigma factors with RNA polymerase during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis, Genes to Cells, vol.180, issue.2, pp.79-88, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.genet.30.1.297
Motility and Flagellar Glycosylation in Clostridium difficile, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.191, issue.22, pp.7050-706200861, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.00861-09
High-level transcription of the major Bacillus subtilis autolysin operon depends on expression of the sigma D gene and is affected by a sin (flaD) mutation., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.175, issue.3, pp.795-801, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.175.3.795-801.1993
A Continuum of Anionic Charge: Structures and Functions of D-Alanyl-Teichoic Acids in Gram-Positive Bacteria, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, vol.67, issue.4, pp.686-723, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1128/MMBR.67.4.686-723.2003
The sigma factors of Bacillus subtilis, Microbiol Rev, vol.59, pp.1-30, 1995. ,
Systematic analysis of SigD-regulated genes in Bacillus subtilis by DNA microarray and Northern blotting analyses, Gene, vol.329, pp.125-136, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.gene.2003.12.024
CbpA: a novel surface exposed adhesin of Clostridium difficile targeting human collagen, Cell Microbiol, vol.15, pp.1674-87, 2013. ,
Lytic transglycosylases: Bacterial space-making autolysins, The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, vol.40, issue.4, pp.586-591, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.03.018
URL : http://digitalcommons.bryant.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1039&context=sci_jou
Peptidoglycan maturation enzymes affect flagellar functionality in bacteria, Molecular Microbiology, vol.32, issue.Pt 5, pp.845-56, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1111/mmi.12019
A master regulator for biofilm formation by Bacillus subtilis, Molecular Microbiology, vol.14, issue.3, pp.739-749, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04440.x
Characterization of a cloned Bacillus subtilis gene that inhibits sporulation in multiple copies., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.168, issue.2, pp.860-869, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.168.2.860-869.1986
Identification of LytSR-regulated genes from Staphylococcus aureus., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.178, issue.19, pp.5810-5812, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.178.19.5810-5812.1996
The MerR family of transcriptional regulators, FEMS Microbiology Reviews, vol.27, issue.2-3, pp.145-16300051, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-6445(03)00051-2
Global Analysis of the Sporulation Pathway of Clostridium difficile, PLoS Genetics, vol.107, issue.8, p.1003660, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003660.s023
Regulated transcription of Clostridium difficile toxin genes, Mol Microbiol, vol.27, 1998. ,
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP Regulates Clostridium difficile Toxin Production by Controlling Expression of sigD, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.195, issue.22, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.00501-13
Role of FlgM in sigma D-dependent gene expression in Bacillus subtilis., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.178, issue.11, pp.3113-3118, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.178.11.3113-3118.1996
Cloning, sequencing, and disruption of the Bacillus subtilis sigma 28 gene., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.170, issue.4, pp.1568-1574, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.170.4.1568-1574.1988
Studies of sigma D-dependent functions in Bacillus subtilis., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.172, issue.6, pp.3435-3443, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.172.6.3435-3443.1990
Diversity of Firmicutes peptidoglycan hydrolases and specificities of those involved in daughter cell separation, Research in Microbiology, vol.159, issue.7-8, pp.507-515, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.resmic.2008.06.008
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01204247
Bacterial peptidoglycan (murein) hydrolases, FEMS Microbiology Reviews, vol.32, issue.2, pp.259-286, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00099.x
Restoration of motility to an Escherichia coli fliA flagellar mutant by a Bacillus subtilis sigma factor., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.89, issue.11, pp.5123-5127, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.89.11.5123
Gene fliA encodes an alternative sigma factor specific for flagellar operons in Salmonella typhimurium, MGG Molecular & General Genetics, vol.221, issue.2, pp.139-147, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF00261713
Dual promoters are responsible for transcription initiation of the fla/che operon in Bacillus subtilis, J Bacteriol, vol.180, pp.3548-3555, 1998. ,
Cell population heterogeneity during growth of Bacillus subtilis, Genes & Development, vol.19, issue.24, pp.3083-3094, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1101/gad.1373905
Temporal regulation of sigD from Bacillus subtilis depends on a minor promoter in front of the gene., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.179, issue.20, pp.6531-6535, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.179.20.6531-6535.1997
The Bacillus subtilis flagellin gene (hag) is transcribed by the sigma 28 form of RNA polymerase., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.171, issue.6, pp.3095-3101, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.171.6.3095-3101.1989
An operon of Bacillus subtilis motility genes transcribed by the sigma D form of RNA polymerase., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.174, issue.13, pp.4197-4204, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1128/jb.174.13.4197-4204.1992
Molecular dissection of the flagellumspecific anti-sigma factor, FlgM, of Salmonella typhimurium, Mol Gen Genet, vol.249, pp.417-424, 1995. ,
Completion of the hook-basal body complex of the Salmonella typhimurium flagellum is coupled to FlgM secretion and fliC transcription, Molecular Microbiology, vol.9, issue.5, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1266/ggs.74.105
Cyclic Diguanylate Inversely Regulates Motility and Aggregation in Clostridium difficile, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.194, issue.13, pp.3307-3316, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1128/JB.00100-12
Colonic irritation, Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol.38, issue.12, pp.882-883, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1038/nrmicro1571
Generation of an erythromycin-sensitive derivative of Clostridium difficile strain 630 (630?erm) and demonstration that the conjugative transposon Tn916?E enters the genome of this strain at multiple sites, J Med Microbiol, vol.54, 2005. ,
Origin, evolution and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes, Microbiol Sci, vol.4, pp.263-266, 1987. ,