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Streptococcus agalactiae clones infecting humans were selected and fixed through the extensive use of tetracycline

Violette da Cunha 1 Mark R. Davies 2, 3 Pierre-Emmanuel Douarre 1 Isabelle Rosinski-Chupin 1 Immaculada Margarit 4 Sebastien Spinali 5 Tim Perkins 4 Pierre Lechat 6 Nicolas Dmytruk 5 Elisabeth Sauvage 1 Laurence Ma 7 Benedetta Romi 4 Erika Souche 6 Magali Tichit 7 Maria-Jose Lopez-Sanchez 1 Stéphane Descorps-Declère 6 Carmen Buchrieser 8 Patrick Trieu-Cuot 1 Ivan Moszer 6 Dominique Clermont 9 Domenico Maione 4 Christiane Bouchier 7 David J. Mcmillan 10, 11 Julian Parkhill 3 Mark J. Walker 2 John L. Telford 4 Gordan Dougan 3 Matthew T. G. Holden 3 Claire Poyart 1, 5, 12 Philippe Glaser 1 Devani Consortium 7
1 Biologie des Bactéries pathogènes à Gram-positif
2 School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre
3 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge]
4 Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics [Siena]
5 Centre national de Référence des Streptocoques (CNR)
6 Centre d'Informatique pour la Biologie
7 Génomique (Plate-Forme) - Genomics Platform
8 Biologie des Bactéries intracellulaires
9 CIP - Collection de l'Institut Pasteur
10 QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
11 Inflammation and Healing Research Cluster
12 IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) - Institut Cochin
Abstract : Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is a commensal of the digestive and genitourinary tracts of humans that emerged as the leading cause of bacterial neonatal infections in Europe and North America during the 1960s. Due to the lack of epidemiological and genomic data, the reasons for this emergence are unknown. Here we show by comparative genome analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction of 229 isolates that the rise of human GBS infections corresponds to the selection and worldwide dissemination of only a few clones. The parallel expansion of the clones is preceded by the insertion of integrative and conjugative elements conferring tetracycline resistance (TcR). Thus, we propose that the use of ​tetracycline from 1948 onwards led in humans to the complete replacement of a diverse GBS population by only few TcR clones particularly well adapted to their host, causing the observed emergence of GBS diseases in neonates.
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Violette da Cunha, Mark R. Davies, Pierre-Emmanuel Douarre, Isabelle Rosinski-Chupin, Immaculada Margarit, et al.. Streptococcus agalactiae clones infecting humans were selected and fixed through the extensive use of tetracycline . Nature Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 2014, 5, pp.Article 4544. ⟨10.1038/ncomms5544⟩. ⟨pasteur-01299769⟩

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