G. G. Anderson, J. J. Palermo, J. D. Schilling, R. Roth, J. Heuser et al., Intracellular Bacterial Biofilm-Like Pods in Urinary Tract Infections, Science, vol.301, issue.5629, pp.105-107, 2003.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1084550

C. Beloin, K. Michaelis, K. Lindner, P. Landini, J. Hacker et al., The Transcriptional Antiterminator RfaH Represses Biofilm Formation in Escherichia coli, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.188, issue.4, pp.1316-1331, 2006.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.188.4.1316-1331.2006
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01372312

G. Bergsten, M. Samuelsson, B. Wullt, I. Leijonhufvud, H. Fischer et al., PapG???Dependent Adherence Breaks Mucosal Inertia and Triggers the Innate Host Response, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol.189, issue.9, pp.1734-1742, 2004.
DOI : 10.1086/383278

G. Bertani, Studies on lysogenesis. I. The mode of phage liberation by lysogenic Escherichia coli, J. Bacteriol, vol.62, pp.293-300, 1951.

A. Bryan, P. Roesch, L. Davis, R. Moritz, S. Pellett et al., Regulation of Type 1 Fimbriae by Unlinked FimB- and FimE-Like Recombinases in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strain CFT073, Infection and Immunity, vol.74, issue.2, pp.1072-1083, 2006.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.74.2.1072-1083.2006

M. K. Chaveroche, J. M. Ghigo, and C. , A rapid method for efficient gene replacement in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.28, issue.22, p.97, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/28.22.e97

. Gordon, Identification of genes subject to positive selection in uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli: a comparative genomics approach, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, pp.5977-5982, 2006.

H. Connell, W. Agace, P. Klemm, M. Schembri, S. Marild et al., Type 1 fimbrial expression enhances Escherichia coli virulence for the urinary tract., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, pp.9827-9832, 1996.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.93.18.9827

P. N. Danese, L. A. Pratt, S. L. Dove, and R. Kolter, The outer membrane protein, Antigen 43, mediates cell-to-cell interactions within Escherichia coli biofilms, Molecular Microbiology, vol.65, issue.2, pp.424-432, 2000.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01353.x

D. S. Eto, J. L. Sundsbak, and M. A. Mulvey, Actin-gated intracellular growth and resurgence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Cellular Microbiology, vol.8, issue.4, pp.704-717, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0955-0674(00)00178-2

B. Foxman, Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs, The American Journal of Medicine, vol.113, issue.1, pp.5-13, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01054-9

J. M. Ghigo, Natural conjugative plasmids induce bacterial biofilm development, Nature, vol.143, issue.6845, pp.442-445, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35086581

L. M. Guzman, D. Belin, M. J. Carson, and J. Beckwith, Tight regulation, modulation, and high-level expression by vectors containing the arabinose PBAD promoter., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.177, issue.14, pp.4121-4130, 1995.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.177.14.4121-4130.1995

H. Hasman, T. Chakraborty, and P. Klemm, Antigen-43-mediated autoaggregation of Escherichia coli is blocked by fimbriation, J. Bacteriol, vol.181, pp.4834-4841, 1999.

H. Hasman, M. A. Schembri, and P. Klemm, Antigen 43 and Type 1 Fimbriae Determine Colony Morphology of Escherichia coli K-12, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.182, issue.4, pp.1089-1095, 2000.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.182.4.1089-1095.2000

I. R. Henderson and J. P. Nataro, Virulence Functions of Autotransporter Proteins, Infection and Immunity, vol.69, issue.3, pp.1231-1243, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1231-1243.2001

I. R. Henderson, F. Navarro-garcia, M. Desvaux, R. C. Fernandez, and D. Ala-'aldeen, Type V Protein Secretion Pathway: the Autotransporter Story, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, vol.68, issue.4, pp.692-744, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/MMBR.68.4.692-744.2004

I. R. Henderson and P. Owen, The major phase-variable outer membrane protein of Escherichia coli structurally resembles the immunoglobulin A1 protease class of exported protein and is regulated by a novel mechanism involving Dam and OxyR, J. Bacteriol, vol.181, pp.2132-2141, 1999.

N. J. Holden, M. Totsika, E. Mahler, A. J. Roe, K. Catherwood et al., Demonstration of regulatory cross-talk between P fimbriae and type 1 fimbriae in uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Microbiology, vol.152, issue.4, pp.1143-1153, 2006.
DOI : 10.1099/mic.0.28677-0

S. S. Justice, C. Hung, J. A. Theriot, D. A. Fletcher, G. G. Anderson et al., Differentiation and developmental pathways of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in urinary tract pathogenesis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, pp.1333-1338, 2004.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0308125100

A. V. Kajava, N. Cheng, R. Cleaver, M. Kessel, M. N. Simon et al., Beta-helix model for the filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin of Bordetella pertussis and related bacterial secretory proteins, Molecular Microbiology, vol.260, issue.2, pp.279-292, 2001.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.micro.40.1.661

K. Kjaergaard, H. Hasman, M. A. Schembri, and P. Klemm, Antigen 43-Mediated Autotransporter Display, a Versatile Bacterial Cell Surface Presentation System, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.184, issue.15, pp.4197-4204, 2002.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.184.15.4197-4204.2002

K. Kjaergaard, M. A. Schembri, H. Hasman, and P. Klemm, Antigen 43 from Escherichia coli Induces Inter- and Intraspecies Cell Aggregation and Changes in Colony Morphology of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.182, issue.17, pp.4789-4796, 2000.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.182.17.4789-4796.2000

K. Kjaergaard, M. A. Schembri, C. Ramos, S. Molin, and P. Klemm, Antigen 43 facilitates formation of multispecies biofilms, Environmental Microbiology, vol.136, issue.6, pp.695-702, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90237-2

P. Klemm, L. Hjerrild, M. Gjermansen, and M. A. Schembri, Structure-function analysis of the self-recognizing Antigen 43 autotransporter protein from Escherichia coli, Molecular Microbiology, vol.18, issue.1, pp.283-296, 2004.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03833.x

P. Klemm and M. A. Schembri, Bacterial adhesins: function and structure, International Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol.290, issue.1, pp.27-35, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1438-4221(00)80102-2

P. Klemm and M. A. Schembri, Chapter 8.3.2.6. Type 1 fimbriae, curli, and antigen 43: adhesion, colonization, and biofilm formation, EcoSal?Escherichia coli and Salmonella: cellular and molecular biology, 2004.

H. Leffler and C. Svanborg-eden, Glycolipid receptors for uropathogenic Escherichia coli on human erythrocytes and uroepithelial cells, Infect. Immun, vol.34, pp.920-929, 1981.

B. Lesic, S. Bach, J. M. Ghigo, U. Dobrindt, J. Hacker et al., Excision of the high-pathogenicity island of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis requires the combined actions of its cognate integrase and Hef, a new recombination directionality factor, Molecular Microbiology, vol.281, issue.5, pp.1337-1348, 2004.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04073.x

H. L. Mobley, D. M. Green, A. L. Trifillis, D. E. Johnson, G. R. Chippendale et al., Pyelonephritogenic Escherichia coli and killing of cultured human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells: role of hemolysin in some strains, Infect. Immun, vol.58, pp.1281-1289, 1990.

I. U. Mysorekar and S. J. Hultgren, Mechanisms of uropathogenic Escherichia coli persistence and eradication from the urinary tract, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, pp.14170-14175, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0602136103

T. A. Oelschlaeger, U. Dobrindt, and J. Hacker, Virulence factors of uropathogens, Current Opinion in Urology, vol.12, issue.1, pp.33-38, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00042307-200201000-00007

N. J. Parham, U. Srinivasan, M. Desvaux, B. Foxman, C. F. Marrs et al., PicU, a second serine protease autotransporter of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.230, issue.1, pp.73-83, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00862-0

A. Reisner, J. A. Haagensen, M. A. Schembri, E. L. Zechner, and S. Molin, Development and maturation of Escherichia coli K-12 biofilms, Molecular Microbiology, vol.97, issue.4, pp.933-946, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03490.x

J. A. Roberts, M. B. Kaack, G. Baskin, M. R. Chapman, D. A. Hunstad et al., ANTIBODY RESPONSES AND PROTECTION FROM PYELONEPHRITIS FOLLOWING VACCINATION WITH PURIFIED ESCHERICHIA COLI PAPDG PROTEIN, The Journal of Urology, vol.171, issue.4, pp.1682-1685, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/01.ju.0000116123.05160.43

J. A. Roberts, B. I. Marklund, D. Ilver, D. Haslam, M. B. Kaack et al., The Gal(alpha 1-4)Gal-specific tip adhesin of Escherichia coli P-fimbriae is needed for pyelonephritis to occur in the normal urinary tract., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, pp.11889-11893, 1994.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.91.25.11889

V. Roos, G. C. Ulett, M. A. Schembri, and P. Klemm, The Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Escherichia coli Strain 83972 Outcompetes Uropathogenic E. coli Strains in Human Urine, Infection and Immunity, vol.74, issue.1, pp.615-624, 2006.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.74.1.615-624.2006

A. Roux, C. Beloin, and J. M. Ghigo, Combined Inactivation and Expression Strategy To Study Gene Function under Physiological Conditions: Application to Identification of New Escherichia coli Adhesins, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.187, issue.3, pp.1001-1013, 2005.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.187.3.1001-1013.2005

J. Sambrook, E. F. Fritsch, and M. T. , Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 1989.

M. A. Schembri, D. Dalsgaard, and P. Klemm, Capsule Shields the Function of Short Bacterial Adhesins, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.186, issue.5, pp.1249-1257, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.186.5.1249-1257.2004

M. A. Schembri, L. Hjerrild, M. Gjermansen, and P. Klemm, Differential Expression of the Escherichiacoli Autoaggregation Factor Antigen 43, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.185, issue.7, pp.2236-2242, 2003.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.185.7.2236-2242.2003

M. A. Schembri, K. Kjaergaard, and P. Klemm, Global gene expression in Escherichia coli biofilms, Molecular Microbiology, vol.413, issue.1, pp.253-267, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03432.x

M. A. Schembri and P. Klemm, Biofilm Formation in a Hydrodynamic Environment by Novel FimH Variants and Ramifications for Virulence, Infection and Immunity, vol.69, issue.3, pp.1322-1328, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1322-1328.2001

M. A. Schembri and P. Klemm, Coordinate gene regulation by fimbriae-induced signal transduction, The EMBO Journal, vol.20, issue.12, pp.3074-3081, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/emboj/20.12.3074
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC150205

O. Sherlock, U. Dobrindt, J. B. Jensen, R. M. Vejborg, and P. Klemm, Glycosylation of the Self-Recognizing Escherichia coli Ag43 Autotransporter Protein, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.188, issue.5, pp.1798-1807, 2006.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.188.5.1798-1807.2006

O. Sherlock, M. A. Schembri, A. Reisner, and P. Klemm, Novel Roles for the AIDA Adhesin from Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli: Cell Aggregation and Biofilm Formation, Journal of Bacteriology, vol.186, issue.23, pp.8058-8065, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/JB.186.23.8058-8065.2004

O. Sherlock, R. M. Vejborg, and P. Klemm, The TibA Adhesin/Invasin from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Is Self Recognizing and Induces Bacterial Aggregation and Biofilm Formation, Infection and Immunity, vol.73, issue.4, pp.1954-1963, 2005.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.73.4.1954-1963.2005

J. A. Snyder, B. J. Haugen, C. V. Lockatell, N. Maroncle, E. C. Hagan et al., Coordinate Expression of Fimbriae in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Infection and Immunity, vol.73, issue.11, pp.7588-7596, 2005.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.73.11.7588-7596.2005

G. C. Ulett, R. I. Webb, and M. A. Schembri, Antigen-43-mediated autoaggregation impairs motility in Escherichia coli, Microbiology, vol.152, issue.7, pp.2101-2110, 2006.
DOI : 10.1099/mic.0.28607-0

D. E. Waldron, P. Owen, and C. J. Dorman, Competitive interaction of the OxyR DNA-binding protein and the Dam methylase at the antigen 43 gene regulatory region in Escherichia coli, Molecular Microbiology, vol.183, issue.2, pp.509-520, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02905.x

X. R. Wu, T. T. Sun, and J. J. Medina, In vitro binding of type 1-fimbriated Escherichia coli to uroplakins Ia and Ib: relation to urinary tract infections., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, pp.9630-9635, 1996.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.93.18.9630

B. Wullt, G. Bergsten, H. Connell, P. Rollano, N. Gebratsedik et al., P-fimbriae trigger mucosal responses to Escherichia coli in the human urinary tract, Cellular Microbiology, vol.159, issue.4, pp.255-264, 2001.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02165.x

B. Wullt, G. Bergsten, H. Connell, P. Rollano, N. Gebretsadik et al., P fimbriae enhance the early establishment of Escherichia coli in the human urinary tract, Molecular Microbiology, vol.56, issue.3, pp.456-464, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63246-4

B. Wullt, G. Bergsten, M. Samuelsson, and C. Svanborg, The role of P fimbriae for Escherichia coli establishment and mucosal inflammation in the human urinary tract, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, vol.19, issue.6, pp.522-538, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-8579(02)00103-6

Y. Xia, D. Gally, K. Forsman-semb, and B. E. Uhlin, Regulatory cross-talk between adhesin operons in Escherichia coli: inhibition of type 1 fimbriae expression by the PapB protein, The EMBO Journal, vol.19, issue.7, pp.1450-1457, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/emboj/19.7.1450