Dengue Seroprevalence and Seroconversion in Urban and Rural Populations in Northeastern Thailand and Southern Laos

Dyna Doum (1) , Hans J Overgaard (1, 2) , Mayfong Mayxay (3, 4) , Sutas Suttiprapa (1) , Prasert Saichua (1) , Tipaya Ekalaksananan (1) , Panwad Tongchai (1) , Md Siddikur Rahman (1) , Ubydul Haque (5) , Sysavanh Phommachanh (3) , Tiengkham Pongvongsa , Joacim Rocklöv (6) , Richard E. Paul (7, 8) , Chamsai Pientong (1)

1 KKU - Khon Kaen University [Thailand]
2 NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences
3 UHS - University of Health Sciences [Vientiane, Laos]
4 University of Oxford
5 University of North Texas Health Science Center [Fort Worth]
6 Umeå University
7 Génétique fonctionnelle des maladies infectieuses - Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases
8 IP - Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. The detection of clinical cases enables us to measure the incidence of dengue infection, whereas serological surveys give insights into the prevalence of infection. This study aimed to determine dengue seroprevalence and seroconversion rates in northeastern Thailand and southern Laos and to assess any association of mosquito control methods and socioeconomic factors with dengue virus (DENV) infection. Cross-sectional seroprevalence surveys were performed in May and November 2019 on the same individuals. Blood samples were collected from one adult and one child, when possible, in each of 720 randomly selected households from two urban and two rural sites in both northeastern Thailand and southern Laos. IgG antibodies against DENV were detected in serum using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Overall, 1071 individuals participated in the study. The seroprevalence rate was high (91.5%) across all 8 study sites. Only age and province were associated with seroprevalence rates. There were 33 seroconversions during the period from May to November, of which seven reported fever. More than half of the seroconversions occurred in the rural areas and in Laos. Dengue seroconversion was significantly associated with young age (<15 years old), female gender, province, and duration of

Mots clés: dengue; DENV; seroprevalence; seroconversion; socioeconomic factors

Domaines: Maladies infectieuses; Maladies émergentes; Santé publique et épidémiologie

Dyna Doum, Hans J Overgaard, Mayfong Mayxay, Sutas Suttiprapa, Prasert Saichua, et al.. Dengue Seroprevalence and Seroconversion in Urban and Rural Populations in Northeastern Thailand and Southern Laos. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020, 17 (23), pp.9134. ⟨10.3390/ijerph17239134⟩. ⟨hal-03533005⟩