Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection

Vania Camilo (1, 2) , Toshiro Sugiyama (3) , Eliette Touati (1)

1 Pathogenèse de Helicobacter
2 2I - Infection et inflammation
3 University of Toyama

Helicobacter pylori is responsible for the most commonly found infection in the world's population. It is the major risk factor for gastric cancer development. Numerous studies published over the last year provide new insights into the strategies employed by H. pylori to adapt to the extreme acidic conditions of the gastric environment, to establish persistent infection and to deregulate host functions, leading to gastric pathogenesis and cancer. In this review, we report recent data on the mechanisms involved in chemotaxis, on the essential role of nickel in acid resistance and gastric colonization, on the importance of adhesins and Hop proteins and on the role of CagPAI-components and CagA. Among the host functions, a special focus has been made on the escape from immune response, the ability of bacteria to induce genetic instability and modulate telomeres, the mechanism of autophagy and the deregulation of micro RNAs.

Mots clés: Type IV secretion system; Chemotaxis; Adhesins; nickel; CagA; VacA; Evasion; autophagy; microRNA; Acid-resistance

Domaines: Bactériologie; Maladies infectieuses; Hépatologie et Gastroentérologie

Vania Camilo, Toshiro Sugiyama, Eliette Touati. Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter, 2017, XXXth International Workshop on Helicobacter & Microbiota in Inflammation & Cancer, 7–9 September 2017, Bordeaux, France, 22 (S1), pp.e12405. ⟨10.1111/hel.12405⟩. ⟨hal-01652023⟩